D-Gluconic acid calcium salt

D-葡萄糖酸钙

D-Gluconic acid calcium salt is a chemical that inhibits the activity of enzymes in the pathway of methyl glycosides. It has been shown to inhibit cortisol production and reduce the concentration of this hormone in cell culture. D-Gluconic acid calcium salt also inhibits enzyme activities, such as cholesterol esterase and lipase, which are involved in lipid metabolism. This chemical has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of benzalkonium chloride (a disinfectant used for sterilization) and chinese herb (used as a traditional medicine). D-Gluconic acid calcium salt can also inhibit locomotor activity and lower cholesterol levels in mice.

Calcium gluconate (CG) is a compound formed from the combination of calcium and gluconic acid. It is an odorless, white crystalline powder that is highly soluble in water, making it easy to use in various fields of research and industry. This paper aims to provide an informative and engaging overview of CG and its various physical and chemical properties, synthesis and characterization, analytical methods, biological properties, toxicity and safety in scientific experiments, applications in scientific experiments, current state of research, potential implications in various fields of research and industry, limitations, and future directions.

Definition and Background

CG is an essential nutrient that helps to maintain strong bones and healthy muscles. Calcium is vital to the proper functioning of the heart, nerves, and blood clotting. CG supplements are commonly used as a dietary supplement to prevent deficiency and to treat symptoms of low calcium levels, such as bone loss, tiredness, muscle cramps, and other related conditions.

Physical and Chemical Properties

CG has a molecular formula of C12H22CaO14 with a molecular weight of 430.37 g/mol. It is a white to off-white powder with a sweet taste, virtually odorless, and highly soluble in water (approximately 67 g/100 ml at 20°C). CG is non-flammable and non-explosive, has a pH range of 6.0 to 8.0, and is stable under normal conditions of use and storage.

Synthesis and Characterization

CG is synthesized by reacting calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide with gluconic acid in water. The synthesis process can be accomplished by heating the reaction mixture and adjusting the pH to promote precipitation of the calcium gluconate.

Analytical Methods

Several analytical methods are employed to determine the quality, purity, and potency of CG, including High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Biological Properties

CG is essential for the proper functioning of the body, especially the heart, muscles, and nerves. In addition, it helps to maintain healthy bones and teeth. It is also involved in blood clotting and maintaining normal blood pressure levels.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments

CG is generally considered safe to use, with low toxicity levels. However, high doses of CG (above 2 g/kg/day) may lead to calcium deposition in the kidneys and other tissues, which can cause kidney damage. In addition, individuals with hypercalcemia should not take CG supplements.

Applications in Scientific Experiments

CG is commonly used as a nutrient supplement and in various research areas, including biotechnology, food technology, agriculture, and veterinary medicine. It is widely used to study the effect of calcium on the growth and metabolism of various organisms, such as plants, animals, and human cells.

Current State of Research

Recent studies have focused on the potential benefits of CG in treating several conditions, such as osteoporosis, hypertension, and cardiac arrest. However, these studies are still in the initial stages, and further research is needed to confirm their potential benefits.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry

CG has several potential implications in various fields of research and industry, including:

1. Food Technology: CG can be used as a food additive to improve the nutritional quality of various food products.

2. Agriculture: CG can be used as a foliar spray to enhance the growth and yield of plants.

3. Biotechnology: CG can be used as a nutrient supplement in cell culture and fermentation processes.

4. Veterinary Medicine: CG can be used as a dietary supplement for animals to maintain healthy bones and muscles.

Limitations and Future Directions

Although CG has several potential applications and benefits, several limitations and future directions for research must be considered. These include the need for more extensive research on the safety and efficacy of CG, the development of new analytical methods for CG analysis, the identification of novel applications for CG, and the evaluation of the environmental impact of CG use.

Conclusion

In conclusion, CG is a versatile compound with several useful applications in various fields of research and industry. Further research is needed to explore its potential benefits fully and to develop new applications. However, caution should be exercised when using CG in high doses, and appropriate safety measures should be taken to prevent any potential adverse effects.

Title: Calcium Gluconate

CAS Registry Number: 299-28-5

CAS Name: D-Gluconic acid calcium salt (2:1)

Trademarks: Calciofon; Calglucon; Ebucin; Glucal; Glucobiogen

Molecular Formula: C12H22CaO14

Molecular Weight: 430.37

Percent Composition: C 33.49%, H 5.15%, Ca 9.31%, O 52.05%

Line Formula: Ca[HOCH2(CHOH)4COO]2

Literature References: Description of injectable solns with sodium ascorbate: GB 495675; DE 702185. General directions and stability data: Siegrist, Pharm. Acta Helv. 24, 430 (1949).

Properties: Odorless, tasteless crystals, granules, or powder. [a]D20 about +6°. Does not lose its water on drying without some decomposition. Slowly sol in 30 parts cold, about 5 parts boiling water; insol in alc or other organic solvents. pH aq soln: 6-7. More concd (20 to 30%) aq solns are easily obtained by the addition of boric acid or similar complex-forming acids. Supersatd injectable solns prepd with calcium D-saccharate.

Optical Rotation: [a]D20 about +6°

Use: In sewage purification; in coffee powders to prevent caking.

Therap-Cat: Calcium replenisher.

Therap-Cat-Vet: In hypocalcemic states, including bovine milk fever.

Keywords: Replenishers/Supplements; Calcium.