Methyl a-D-mannopyranoside

甲基-α-D-吡喃甘露糖苷

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside (MAM) is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of carbohydrate derivatives known as alpha-mannopyranosides. This molecule has attracted widespread attention in the scientific community due to its unique physical and chemical properties, as well as its potential applications in various fields of research and industry. In this paper, we will provide an overview of MAM, including its definition and background, physical and chemical properties, synthesis and characterization, analytical methods, biological properties, toxicity and safety in scientific experiments, applications in scientific experiments, current state of research, potential implications in various fields of research and industry, limitations, and future directions.

Definition and Background:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is a carbohydrate derivative that has a molecular formula of C7H14O6 and a molecular weight of 194.18 g/mol. This molecule is also known as Methyl α-D-mannopyranoside, Methyl α-D-mannoside, or α-Methylmannoside. MAM is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and polar solvents.

Physical and Chemical Properties:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside has several physical and chemical properties that make it unique. MAM is a polar molecule that can form hydrogen bonds with water and other polar solvents. This property makes MAM a useful tool for studying carbohydrate-protein interactions and carbohydrate-mediated biological processes. MAM also has a high melting point (174-178°C), which allows it to be used in high-temperature reactions.

Synthesis and Characterization:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside can be synthesized through several methods, including chemical synthesis and enzymatic synthesis. Chemical synthesis involves the reaction of mannose with methyl alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid. Enzymatic synthesis involves the use of enzymes, such as alpha-mannosidases, to catalyze the reaction between mannose and methyl alcohol.

Analytical Methods:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside can be analyzed using several analytical methods, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. These methods are useful for determining the purity, identity, and concentration of MAM in a given sample.

Biological Properties:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside has several biological properties that make it useful for studying carbohydrate-mediated biological processes. MAM can bind to carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) on proteins, such as lectins, and inhibit their biological activity. MAM can also be used to study the role of carbohydrates in cellular adhesion, migration, and signaling.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is generally considered safe and non-toxic in scientific experiments. However, it is important to handle MAM with care and follow appropriate safety procedures when working with any chemical compound.

Applications in Scientific Experiments:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside has several applications in scientific experiments, including the study of carbohydrate-mediated biological processes, the development of carbohydrate-based drugs and vaccines, and the synthesis of carbohydrate-based materials.

Current State of Research:

The current state of research on Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside is focused on understanding the role of carbohydrates in biological processes, developing new carbohydrate-based drugs and vaccines, and synthesizing novel carbohydrate-based materials.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry:

Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside has several potential implications in various fields of research and industry, including biotechnology, medicine, and materials science. MAM can be used to study the interaction between carbohydrates and proteins, develop new carbohydrate-based drugs and vaccines, and synthesize novel carbohydrate-based materials with unique properties.

Limitations and Future Directions:

Despite its potential applications, Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside has several limitations. One of the main limitations is the lack of information on its long-term toxicity and safety in humans. Future research should focus on addressing this limitation and identifying new applications for MAM in various fields of research and industry.

Future Directions:

1. Developing new carbohydrate-based drugs and vaccines using Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside and other carbohydrate derivatives.

2. Studying the role of carbohydrates in disease biology and developing new therapies based on carbohydrate-mediated mechanisms.

3. Synthesizing new carbohydrate-based materials with unique physicochemical properties, such as self-assembly and optoelectronics.

4. Investigating the interaction between carbohydrates and other biomolecules, such as lipids and nucleic acids.

5. Developing new methods and techniques for analyzing and characterizing complex carbohydrate structures and their interactions with proteins and other biomolecules.

6. Developing new analytical tools and assays for studying carbohydrate-mediated biological processes in vivo and in vitro.

7. Exploring the potential of Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside and other carbohydrate derivatives in the development of renewable energy sources.

8. Designing new food additives and ingredients based on carbohydrate chemistry.

9. Investigating the impact of carbohydrate chemistry on the environment and developing sustainable solutions for carbohydrate-based industries.

10. Developing new methods for the large-scale production of carbohydrate derivatives and materials using sustainable and eco-friendly processes.

COA:

Product name: Methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside          

CAS: 617-04-9or 27939-30-6         M.F.: C₇H₁₄O₆               M.W.: 194.18 

References:

1. Derewenda Z, et al., EMBO J. 1989, 8, 2189
2. Takahashi S, et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1974, 371, 71-5