4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside

对硝苯基-beta-D-乳糖苷七乙酸酯，

4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is a high-quality chromogenic pNP enzyme substrate that exhibits excellent sensitivity and specificity in enzyme assays. This synthetic compound is designed to react with b-galactosidase enzymes, generating a yellow product (4-nitrophenol) upon cleavage. The resulting color change allows for quantitative measurement of enzyme activity, providing valuable insights in various research applications including enzyme kinetics, screening of inhibitors, drug discovery, and molecular diagnostics. Our product ensures consistent results with minimal interference, making it a reliable choice for a wide range of biochemical applications.

4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is a synthetic substrate used in enzymatic assays to determine the activity of beta-galactosidase. This compound is also known as IONP or ONPG, and research on this molecule began in the 1950s. The compound is used as a substrate to determine enzyme activity in various conditions and to study the mechanisms of enzyme activity.

Synthesis and Characterization:

The synthesis of 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside involves the acetylation of lactose with acetic anhydride followed by reaction with 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside. The product is purified by column chromatography. The compound is characterized by various spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques such as NMR, IR, and MS.

Analytical Methods:

The enzymatic activity of beta-galactosidase on 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is determined by spectrophotometric analysis of the yellow product formed from the hydrolysis of the compound. The reaction rate is measured at 405 nm.

Biological Properties:

4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is not toxic or harmful to human health. However, the compound can be harmful to aquatic life if released into the environment.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments:

4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is considered safe for use in scientific experiments. However, like any chemical, precautions should be taken when handling the compound, and proper protective equipment should always be used.

Applications in Scientific Experiments:

The primary application of 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is as a substrate in enzymatic assays to determine the activity of beta-galactosidase. This assay is widely used in research to study the mechanisms of enzyme activity and in clinical diagnostics to detect enzyme deficiency.

Current State of Research:

Research on 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is ongoing and includes studies on enzyme kinetics, enzyme inhibition, and enzyme activity in various conditions.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry:

4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside is used in various industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, and biotechnology. The compound is used in the production of lactose-free dairy products and in the development of enzyme-based diagnostic tests.

Limitations and Future Directions:

The limitations of 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside include its low solubility and instability in acidic solutions. Future directions for research include the development of more stable and soluble substrates for beta-galactosidase assays and the study of enzyme activity in vivo.

Potential future directions for research on 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside include:

- Development of a modified compound with increased solubility and stability in acidic solutions

- Study of enzyme activity in vivo

- Comparison of enzyme activity in various cell types and tissues

- Examination of the effects of environmental factors on enzyme activity

- Investigation of the potential therapeutic applications of beta-galactosidase inhibitors

- Development of novel enzymatic assays using 4-nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-b-lactoside derivatives.