6-Benzoyl-2-naphthylphosphate disodium salt

6-Benzoyl-2-naphthylphosphate disodium salt is a chromogenic substrate that can be used for the detection of glucose in food, as well as other applications. It reacts with glucose to form a fluorescent product that has been shown to be stable and sensitive at low pH. This product is also a conjugate, which means it can react with different ligands such as biotin or dinitrophenylhydrazine. 6-Benzoyl-2-naphthylphosphate disodium salt has been used in the detection of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis

6-Benzoyl-2-naphthyl phosphate disodium salt, commonly known as BNPP, is an organophosphate compound that possesses a benzoyl group on the naphthalene ring. BNPP is a white or off-white powder that is soluble in water and has a wide range of applications in scientific experiments. BNPP is a derivative of naphthalene phosphate esters, which are widely used as fluorescent labeling agents for biomolecules like peptides, nucleic acids, and proteins.

Physical and Chemical Properties

BNPP has a molecular weight of 382.24 g/mol, with a melting point of about 213-215 ℃. The compound is stable under normal temperature, acid, and air conditions. BNPP's solubility in water, methanol, and ethanol is proportional to the temperature, but its solubility in organic solvents like ether, chloroform, and benzene is extremely low.

Synthesis and Characterization

BNPP is synthesized by the reaction of 2-naphthol with benzoyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine, which forms the benzoylated naphthol intermediate. This intermediate is further phosphorylated by phosphorus oxychloride or phosphorus trichloride to yield BNPP. Characterization of the compound is done using spectral techniques such as IR, mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR.

Analytical Methods

Analytical methods are used to determine the purity and quantity of BNPP. Common methods for BNPP detection include liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC/MS), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Biological Properties

BNPP has been tested for its biological properties, and it has been found to have antimicrobial abilities against Gram-negative bacteria. BNPP has also been found to have antifungal and insecticidal properties. Some research shows that BNPP can cause oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage in animal cells.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments

Data on BNPP's toxicity and safety is limited. However, some studies reveal that BNPP is not harmful to human cells, with minimal cytotoxic effects. Also, there are no reports of any acute or chronic toxicity caused by BNPP. Still, laboratory experts advise caution in handling the compound and recommend always wearing appropriate protective gear when working with BNPP.

Applications in Scientific Experiments

BNPP is widely used in scientific research as a fluorescent labeling agent for various biomolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins. BNPP is also used to determine cellular enzyme activities in vitro, diagnose enzyme deficiencies in clinical samples, and monitor the phosphorylation of biomolecules in real-time.

Current State of Research

The research on BNPP is still ongoing in various fields, including organic chemistry, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry. Researchers are working on developing new methods for the synthesis of BNPP and its derivatives. Other studies aim to investigate the molecular mechanism of BNPP on living cells and improve its applications in bioimaging and drug delivery.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry

The unique physical and chemical properties of BNPP give it potential applications in several fields. In biochemistry, BNPP can be used in the diagnosis of cancer and other genetic disorders. The fluorescent labeling properties of BNPP make it suitable for trace compound detection in soil and water analyses, as well as in the detection of pesticide residue in food. BNPP can also be used as an ingredient in the production of PVCs, lubricating oils, and other industrial adhesives and polymers.

Limitations and Future Directions

BNPP has several limitations, including being too expensive and requiring complex chemical syntheses. There is also limited research on BNPP that has been conducted outside a laboratory setting. Future research can explore different methods of synthesizing BNPP to lower production costs and find ways to optimize its applications in various fields of research and industry.

Future Directions

Future research directions on BNPP can focus on its roles in molecular imaging and therapy. BNPP's unique fluorescent properties are suitable for developing new imaging techniques for non-invasive diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases. Further studies can also explore the potential of BNPP in drug delivery, where it can be used to target and deliver therapeutic agents to specific cells and tissues. Finally, given its antifungal and insecticidal properties, BNPP can be further tested as a pesticide alternative for crop protection.