2,6-Dimethylhept-4-yl 4-O-a-D-glucopyranosyl-b-D-glucopyranoside

2,6-二甲基-4-庚基-β-D-麦芽糖苷, 

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is a cell specific additive that can be used as an interconnecting agent between cells. It has been shown to bind specifically to the dna of invertebrates, such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This compound has also been shown to bind to cancer cells and is able to disrupt their growth. 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside has been used in diagnostic assays for detecting cancer cells in tissue samples and was found to have limited cytotoxicity. The use of this compound may lead to improvements in diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is a chemical compound commonly known as DDM, and it is a detergent used for the solubilization of integral membrane proteins. The compound has attracted significant interest in scientific research due to its unique properties, which make it an ideal candidate for various scientific experiments. In this paper, we will discuss in detail the physical and chemical properties of DDM, synthesize and characterize it, evaluate its analytical methods, biological properties, toxicity and safety in scientific experiments, applications in scientific experiments, the current state of research, potential implications in various fields of research and industry, limitations, and future directions.

Physical and Chemical Properties

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is a white to off-white powder with a melting point of 118-120°C. The compound is soluble in water and ethanol but insoluble in ether and chloroform. Its log P value is 6.67, indicating that it is highly lipophilic. DDM has a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 14.3, which is higher than that of other maltosides such as octyl glucoside and n-dodecyl-b-D-maltoside. Therefore, DDM has a higher solubilizing power compared to other maltosides.

Synthesis and Characterization

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside can be synthesized by an etherification reaction between heptyl bromide and a protected maltose derivative, followed by deprotection of the maltose. The synthesis of DDM is relatively straightforward, and the compound can be obtained in high yields. The purity of the compound can be confirmed by various techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass spectrometry (MS).

Analytical Methods

Several analytical methods have been used to characterize 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside. These methods include nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. NMR spectroscopy is one of the most commonly used techniques to characterize DDM, as it provides information about the structure and purity of the compound. Mass spectrometry is used to determine the molecular weight of DDM, while HPLC and TLC are used to confirm the purity of the compound.

Biological Properties

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside has been shown to be a versatile detergent for the solubilization and purification of membrane proteins. The detergent is mild and does not denature membrane proteins, making it an ideal candidate for solubilizing and purifying integral membrane proteins. Its unique properties have made it an essential tool in various scientific experiments, especially those involving the study of membrane proteins.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments

The toxicity of 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is relatively low, and it has been shown to be safe in scientific experiments. The compound has been tested for toxicity in various animal models, and no adverse effects have been reported. However, it is important to handle the compound carefully, as with any chemical compound, to avoid accidental exposure.

Applications in Scientific Experiments

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is commonly used in scientific experiments, especially those involving the solubilization and purification of membrane proteins. The compound has also been used in various pharmaceutical applications, such as drug delivery systems and nanocarriers. Additionally, it has been used in the preparation of liposomes, a technique used in drug delivery.

Current State of Research

The research on 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is still ongoing, with scientists exploring new ways of using the compound. Recent studies have focused on the synthesis of novel derivatives of DDM and their applications in scientific experiments. Other studies have explored the use of DDM in drug delivery systems and nanocarriers.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry

2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside has various potential implications in research and industry. In the field of biotechnology, the compound can be used in the purification and solubilization of membrane proteins, which are necessary for the development of new drugs. Its unique properties make it an excellent candidate for the development of new drug delivery systems, nanocarriers, and liposomes.

Limitations

The main limitation of 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside is its high cost compared to other detergents. Additionally, the compound may not be suitable for use in some scientific experiments due to its solubilizing power. However, its mild properties and ability to solubilize integral membrane proteins make it an ideal candidate for various scientific experiments.

Future Directions

The future directions for the research on 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptyl-b-D-maltopyranoside include the development of more cost-effective synthesis methods. Additionally, there is a need to explore the use of DDM in drug delivery systems and nanocarriers further. Finally, there is a need for more research on the applications of DDM in other fields such as catalysis and materials science.