Methyl b-D-glucuronide sodium salt

甲基beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸钠盐

Methyl β-D-glucuronide sodium is a synthetic sugar that is used as a building block for the synthesis of glycoconjugates. This compound has been shown to be an efficient reagent for the introduction of click modifications into saccharides and oligosaccharides in order to produce glycosylations. Methyl β-D-glucuronide sodium is also used in the modification of polysaccharides, such as starch, cellulose, and chitin.

Methyl b-D-glucuronide sodium salt (MGS) is a highly important compound in scientific research fields and pharmaceutical applications. It is a derivative of glucose that is obtained by the replacement of hydroxyl groups at the C6 position by a carboxylate moiety. It is widely used in chemical and biological research as a starting material, intermediate, and reference standard.

Physical and Chemical Properties:

MGS is a hygroscopic compound that readily absorbs moisture from the air. It has a melting point range of 160-170°C and decomposes before boiling. MGS is soluble in water and methanol, slightly soluble in ethanol, and insoluble in non-polar solvents such as ether and chloroform. It is a weakly acidic compound with a pKa value of 3.7.

Synthesis and Characterization:

MGS can be synthesized by the reaction of glucuronic acid with methanol in the presence of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide. The resulting methyl glucuronide can be further purified and converted into the sodium salt by neutralization with sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. The purity and identity of MGS can be confirmed by various analytical techniques such as HPLC, NMR, and MS.

Analytical Methods:

MGS can be quantified in biological and environmental samples by various analytical methods such as LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, and HPLC. These methods involve extraction and purification of MGS from the matrix followed by detection and quantification using appropriate detectors.

Biological Properties:

MGS has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. It has been reported to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in immune cells and to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. MGS has also been found to modulate the activity of several enzymes involved in drug metabolism and detoxification.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments:

MGS is considered safe for use in scientific experiments at the recommended doses. However, like any other chemical compound, it can pose a risk to health and safety if mishandled or used improperly. It is important to follow the recommended safety guidelines and protocols while using MGS in the laboratory.

Applications in Scientific Experiments:

MGS has a wide range of applications in scientific experiments. It is commonly used as a reference standard in HPLC and LC-MS/MS analysis of drug metabolites. It is also used as a starting material for the synthesis of glucuronide conjugates and as a model compound in studies of drug metabolism and bioavailability.

Current State of Research:

Currently, research on MGS is mainly focused on its biological properties and potential therapeutic applications. New technologies and methods are being developed to improve the detection and quantification of MGS in complex matrices such as biological fluids and environmental samples.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry:

MGS has a wide range of potential implications in various fields of research and industry. It can be used in the development of new drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer. It can also be used in the design of new analytical methods for the detection and quantification of drug metabolites in biological and environmental samples.

Limitations and Future Directions:

Despite its potential applications, MGS has certain limitations such as its poor solubility in organic solvents and its instability under highly acidic or basic conditions. Future directions of research could focus on the development of new synthetic methods for the production of MGS with improved solubility and stability. Furthermore, the biological properties of MGS can be further investigated to explore its therapeutic potential in various disease states. Finally, efforts can be made to explore the potential applications of MGS in fields such as environmental monitoring and food safety.