[2-Methoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)phenyl] b-D-galactopyranoside

[2-甲氧基-4-(2-硝基乙烯基)苯基]-b-D-吡喃半乳糖苷

[2-Methoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)phenyl] b-D-galactopyranoside (MNVP-gal) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate that is commonly used to detect the activity of beta-galactosidase in biological samples. MNVP-gal produces a distinctive magenta color when hydrolyzed by beta-galactosidase, making it particularly useful for applications where visual detection is necessary. This substrate is also resistant to endogenous proteases, making it well-suited for use in cellular and tissue preparations.

[2-Methoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)phenyl] b-D-galactopyranoside, commonly known as NVP-galactoside, is a chemical compound that has drawn significant attention due to its potential implications in various fields of research and industry. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental properties, synthesis, and applications of NVP-galactoside.

Definition and Background

NVP-galactoside is a derivative of beta-galactosidase, which is a crucial enzyme in lactose metabolism. It is a yellow crystalline powder that is soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, methanol, and ethyl acetate. NVP-galactoside is widely used as a biochemical tool to study the expression and function of beta-galactosidase in different organisms. Due to its unique structural features, NVP-galactoside can be easily detected and quantified in biological samples.

Physical and Chemical Properties

The physical and chemical properties of NVP-galactoside are critical for its successful application in various scientific experiments. NVP-galactoside has a molecular weight of 329.27 g/mol, a melting point of 166-169°C, and a boiling point of 555.7°C at 760 mmHg. NVP-galactoside is stable under normal laboratory conditions and does not degrade easily.

Synthesis and Characterization

The synthesis of NVP-galactoside requires several steps, including the preparation of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, preparation of 2-nitrovinyl chloride, and reaction of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol with 2-nitrovinyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine. NVP-galactoside was characterized using various analytical techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (IR), and mass spectrometry (MS).

Analytical Methods

Several analytical methods have been developed to detect and quantify NVP-galactoside in biological samples, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and capillary electrophoresis (CE). These methods provide accurate and reliable results and have been widely used in various scientific experiments.

Biological Properties

NVP-galactoside has been shown to have significant biological properties, including the ability to induce beta-galactosidase expression in different organisms. It has been used in various biological assays to study gene expression, protein-protein interactions, and enzyme activity. In addition, NVP-galactoside has been shown to have antimicrobial and anticancer activities.

Toxicity and Safety in Scientific Experiments

NVP-galactoside has low toxicity and is considered safe in scientific experiments when used at appropriate concentrations. However, it should be handled with care, and safety precautions should be taken while working with NVP-galactoside.

Applications in Scientific Experiments

NVP-galactoside has a wide range of applications in scientific experiments, including the study of gene expression, protein purification, enzyme activity, and protein-protein interactions. It has been successfully used in various experiments involving bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells.

Current State of Research

The current state of research on NVP-galactoside is promising, with several studies suggesting its potential applications in various fields of research and industry. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanism of action of NVP-galactoside and to optimize its synthesis and detection methods.

Potential Implications in Various Fields of Research and Industry

NVP-galactoside has potential implications in various fields of research and industry, including biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and food science. It can be used as a tool to study the expression and function of beta-galactosidase in different organisms, and it can also be used as a potential anticancer and antimicrobial agent.

Limitations and Future Directions

Despite its potential applications, NVP-galactoside also has some limitations, including its relatively high cost and the need for specialized equipment to detect and quantify it in biological samples. Future research should focus on optimizing its synthesis and detection methods, as well as exploring its potential applications in new fields of research and industry.

Future Directions

- Development of new methods for the synthesis of NVP-galactoside that are more cost-effective and efficient.

- Optimization of detection methods for NVP-galactoside to increase sensitivity and accuracy.

- Exploration of the potential use of NVP-galactoside in novel scientific experiments, such as drug discovery and nanotechnology.

- Investigation of the effects of NVP-galactoside on human health and safety, including its potential toxicity and environmental impact.

- Development of new applications of NVP-galactoside in the food industry, such as the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals.

COA:

Product name: 2-Methoxy-4-(2'-nitrovinyl)phenyl-beta-galactopyranoside

CAS: 70622-78-5          M.F.: C₁₅H₁₉NO₉       M.W._: 357.31