Ginsenoside Rh2

Ginsenoside Rh2 is a natural compound derived from the root of Panax ginseng. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and may be effective in treating bowel disease. Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits nitrate reductase, which is an enzyme that converts nitric oxide into nitrous oxide. It also inhibits toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression that leads to inflammatory cytokine production, such as IL-1β and IL-6. Ginsenoside Rh2 also binds to Bcl-2 protein, which prevents its degradation by the proteasome. This inhibition leads to the activation of the caspase cascade and apoptosis of cells.

Ginsenoside Rh2 is a steroid glycoside found in plants of the genus Panax that has diverse biological activities. It inhibits release of β-hexosaminidase from RBL-2H3 cells (IC50 = 100 μM) and inhibits the IgE-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice at a dose of 25 mg/kg. It inhibits growth of HRA ovarian and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, ginsenoside Rh2 decreases immobility time in the forced swim test in a mouse model of colorectal carcinoma. Ginsenoside Rh2 also reduces infarct volume in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion-induced brain injury.

Ginsenoside Rh2 analytical standard provided with w/w absolute assay, to be used for quantitative titration.

Ginsenoside Rh2 is an active component of Red P. ginseng. It is reported to be obtained as a metabolite of ginsenoside Rg3, when anaerobically incubated with human fecal microflora.

(20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 is a ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. It has a role as a plant metabolite, an antineoplastic agent, an apoptosis inducer, a cardioprotective agent, a bone density conservation agent and a hepatoprotective agent. It is a beta-D-glucoside, a 12beta-hydroxy steroid, a ginsenoside, a tetracyclic triterpenoid and a 20-hydroxy steroid. It derives from a hydride of a dammarane.